TỪ NỐI – LINKING WORDS TRONG IELTS WRITING

Giới thiệu luận điểm đầu tiên:
Ví dụ:

• Apparently…
• It is true that…
• Firstly…
• To begin with…
• In the first place…
• Many support the view that…

1. It is true that nowadays, the media has become an essential part in our lives and how we get information. While it can be argued that people cannot live without the media, I believe that the commercialized media is manipulating people and trying to maximize profit at all costs.
2. First of all, it is believed that the longer people live, the more they enjoy their lives.
3. To begin with, although air freight is fast, the most obvious disadvantage is that it costs a lot of money to ship goods by air as opposed to sending them by ship or rail.

Cách bắt đầu luận điểm thứ 2,3,4…

• Second(ly)…
• Third(ly)…
• Besides…
• In addition…
• Moreover…
• On the other hand…
• Ví dụ:

1. Besides, for those who desire to go deeper in their field, like research, university proves an ideal environment.
2. Apart from that, computers would become more powerful and they will have superior artificial intelligence.
3. People would also learn more about the outer space as the experiment and scientific research is outer space is going on more steadily than ever.
4. Likewise, if the popular media provides good news such as educational, scientific news, and so on, it can motivate the young generation to achieve more knowledge.

Dẫn dắt những ý giống nhau

• In the same way…
• Likewise…
• Similarly…
• Also…
• At the same time…
• Ví dụ:

1. Similarly, Marx was interested in slavery and in the classical Indian and Chinese social systems, or in those systems where the ties of local community are all important.
2. At the same time, software could be used for many purposes, such as learning through computers, accounting in computers, drawing, storage of information, sending information from one person to another person etc.
3. Also reading books is like peeking into the minds of the greatest people – A book is like a conversation with the writer, and reading many books gives people an insight into the thinking process of different writers.

Dẫn dắt những ý tưởng tương phản

• On the other hand…
• Despite…
• On the contrary…
• However…
• Nevertheless…
• Alternatively…
• Unlike…
• While…
• Whilst…
• Even though
• Although this may be true
• In spite of…
• In reality…
• Instead….
• Whereas…
• Conversely…
• Otherwise…
• However…
• Rather…
• Nevertheless…

Ví dụ:

1. On the contrary, poor countries suffer from the lack of sufficient budgets to ensure some very basic needs of people like health, education, medicines etc.
2. Unlike a TV, a radio cannot display an image or a video, and the communication is limited to voice only.
3. In contrast to this, the consumption of fuels to run the car is contributing to the rise if global warming and affecting the ozone layer.

Dẫn dắt ví dụ, nhấn mạnh, phát triển:

• For instance…
• For example…
• Like…
• As…
• Such as…
• Particularly…
• In particular…
• Namely…
• To illustrate…
• In other words…
• For one thing…
• As an illustration…
• In this case…
• For this reason…
• The most compelling evidence is…
• On the positive side…
• On the negative side…
• Including…
• Like…
• Specifically…
• In fact…
• In general…
• In detail…

Ví dụ:

1. For instance, there is no guaranty that all unemployed person will use the technology positively.
2. For example, many Government of the first world countries have initiated other projects like the Space Program, The AI Development.
3. For instance, if a public bus gets busted in the middle of a road, the passenger can easily leave it a look for another one.
4. The most compelling evidence for the resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth is the testimony of the disciples, since “…men will not suffer …”.

Dẫn dắt câu nguyên nhân kết quả:

• As a result…..
• Consequently…..
• As an effect…..
• Thus…..
• The reason why…..
• Therefore…..
• Hence…..
• Eventually…..
• For this reason…..
• Thereby…..
• Under those circumstances…
• In that case…
• For this reason…
• Thus…
• Because of the…
• Then…
• Hence…
• Therefore…
• Due to the..
• Ví dụ:

1. Therefore, one should avoid using one’s budget in an uncertain project.
2. As a result, people are struggling much to lead a healthy and secure life.
3. Consequently, local residents will be able to find more job opportunities in this factory and have a better socio-economic status.
4. Thus, air and water pollution caused by this factory will ruin the local environment and wildlife fundamentally.

Dẫn dắt câu nêu luận điểm tổng quát:

• Generally…
• In general…
• Overall…
• Basically…
• Ví dụ:
•   In general, it can be stated that in upcoming years, humans will be blessed with adequate facilities, which definitely will make their lives quite easier, due to the advanced technology.

Mở đầu câu điều kiện:

• Otherwise…
• As soon as…
• If…
• Provided that…
• Because of that…
• Unless…
• Providing that…
• So that…
• In case…
• Whether…

Ví dụ:

1. If the proper measurements and initiatives are not taken, the pollution will keep on increasing, and that would someday threaten the existence of human’s life.
2. Unless men change the diet and get involved in some sort of outdoor activities and sports, the average weight would keep increasing.
3. For this reasons, employees should preserve a certain percentage of high level jobs for qualified women.

Nêu ý kiến chắc chắn:

• Certainly…
• Definitely…
• Doubtlessly…
• Without any doubt…
• Undoubtedly…

Ví dụ:

1. Of course, learning from books in a formal educational institution, and learning from books for someone’s own interest is highly important.
2. Practical lessons would definitely help students have a deeply understanding, while theory learned from books will be forgotten far easier.
3. Undoubtedly, ultimate exhaust of natural resources would create chaos, and many wild lives would be endangered as well.

Câu tóm tắt, kết luận:

• All things considered
• After all
• In fact
• In summary
• In conclusion
• In general
• In short
• In brief
• To sum up
• To conclude
• On the whole

Ví dụ:

1. In short, the idea can be very useful for the developing countries but for the US, it might be a sinister.
2. That is to say, parents must ensure the safety of their children first.
3. In short, overall infrastructure of the area will develop.
4. To sum up, parents are important teachers in people’s lives and none can deny their invaluable role, but they are not always the best teachers.
5. On the whole, industrialization is necessary for growth, it must be regulated. The proper measures must be in place to reduce the negative impacts of byproducts on environment.
6. In general, even though it is preferable to study English in an English-speaking country, a reasonable level of English can be achieved in one’s own country, if a student is gifted and dedicated to study.2) To sum up, if the population explosion continues, many more people will die of starvation in poor countries, and life in the cities, even in affluent nations, will become increasingly difficult.
7. To conclude, I recommend that the only sensible way to solve this problem is to educate young people about the dangers of drug use, and to take steps to reduce the pressure of competition placed upon them.
8. In conclusion, nuclear technology certainly has positive uses but is nonetheless dangerous.  However, it would have been better if it had never been used to create nuclear weapons. If life on Earth is to continue, all the nuclear nations of the world should agree to disarm as soon as possible.

Các em cũng nên tham khảo thêm cách dùng những từ nối Linking words mà các em thường xuyên sử dụng bị sai trong IELTS Writing dưới đây luôn nhé!

1/ Mệnh đề quan hệ tính ngữ:
Example: Some companies, especially those which have fewer employees, may decide to implement their own promotion policies
Chú ý có thể sử dụng trường hợp mệnh đề quan hệ tính ngữ rút gọn: “Some companies, especially those having fewer employees, may decide to implement their own promotion policies”
==> Các em sẽ thêm mệnh đề quan hệ tính ngữ nhằm giải thích thêm cho chủ ngữ

Loại câu tuy không chứa “not” nhưng lại mang ý phủ định vì câu chứa những trạng từ phủ định
(hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, no longer)
Example: The situation can hardly be handled properly without the agreement of all parties involved.
=> Hardly can the situation be handled properly without the agreement of all parties involved.
==> Chú ý là với những em target 8 thì mới dùng câu đảo ngữ nhé! Vì rất dễ sai

Example: Traffic has caused people living in big cities many problems
=> Many problems have been caused to people living in big cities by traffic.
It is widely believed that / It cannot be denied that: Dẫn vào ý chính mà ko làm thay đổi ý nghĩa câu
==> Các em lưu ý ở IELTS WRITING, cấu trúc bị động sẽ được chấm điểm cao hơn cấu trúc chủ động nên bắt buộc là phải viết nhiều cấu trúc bị động nhé

Example: It is quite challenging for governments to control the rate of unemployment.

Khi câu có 2 mệnh đề có liên quan về mặt thời gian hay nhân quả hay mục đích, chung chủ ngữ, thì bỏ chủ ngữ 1 mệnh đề và chuyển động từ sang V-ing nếu chủ động hoặc phân từ 2 nếu bị động.
Example: Thay vì viết “The government has recently passed a new law which allows couples to have more than 2 children because they hope to increase the labour force in the long term”; vì 2 vế có mối quan hệ nhân quả là “because” lại chung chủ ngữ “the government” nên có thể viết:
“The government has recently passed a new law which allows couples to have more than 2 children, hoping to increase the labour force in the long term”.

Là các mệnh đề đóng vai trò như danh từ trong câu, được mở đầu bằng What, why, when, how, where, which.
Example: What the government should do immediately is to consider raising tax on imported cars.

==> Mẫu câu này không nên viết quá 2 lần trong bài IELTS WRITING TASK 2 nhé, dễ bị trừ điểm lặp cấu trúc
7/ Các cấu trúc quen thuộc : Câu điều kiện If; Because; So … that; In order (for somebody) to do something; So that; Not only … but also; Although; In spite of